People who survive cancer, including lung cancer, may be less likely to develop dementia later in life, according to a recent study. Researchers analyzed medical records from over 3 million people aged 60 and older and found that lung cancer survivors had a 36 percent lower risk of developing dementia compared to people with no history of cancer.

Dementia refers to a group of conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease that affect memory, thinking, and the ability to carry out everyday activities.

Researchers found that five of the most common cancers — lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, and melanoma — were linked to an overall 25 percent lower risk of dementia. Lung cancer showed one of the strongest effects, with survivors having significantly lower dementia rates.

The researchers suggested that certain biological changes triggered by cancer — or possibly its treatments — might have protective effects on the brain. Still, more research is needed to understand why this link exists and how it might influence future dementia treatments.

Effects of Cancer and Its Treatment on the Brain

These findings may surprise some cancer survivors, since cancer treatments such as chemotherapy are known to cause cognitive issues called brain fog. There’s still much to learn about how cancer, cancer treatments, and cognitive function are related.

As people grow older, the risk of dementia rises. According to Cleveland Clinic, between 5 percent and 8 percent of people over 65 have some form of dementia, and the figure doubles every five years thereafter. This new research suggests that the risk may be lower in people who’ve had lung cancer — possibly due to biological changes from either the cancer or its treatment.

That doesn’t mean lung cancer prevents dementia. Dementia is a complex condition that can have many contributing factors. However, the findings offer a hopeful perspective and raise new questions about how cancer and brain health may be linked.

If you’re concerned about memory loss or changes in thinking, talk with your doctor. They can help you track symptoms and suggest ways to support your brain — such as staying mentally and socially active, managing other health conditions, and getting regular exercise, when possible. These practices may also support your overall health and well-being.

Learn five ways that lung cancer can affect your mental health — and what you can do to feel better.

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